Modeling and Optimal Control for Two-Wheeled Self-Balancing Robot

Authors

  • Quoc-Thinh Do Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
  • Van-Thanh Tran Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
  • Minh-Thai Ngo Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
  • Minh-Quan Tran Ho Chi Minh City of Technology and Education
  • Quan-Linh Thiem Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
  • Hoang-Son Nguyen Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
  • Ba-Khoi Pham Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
  • Nguyen-Phuoc-An Phan Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
  • Duy-Hieu Nguyen Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
  • Duc-Hoc Nguyen Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
  • Van-Hoc Nguyen Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
  • Ho-Minh-Quang Tran Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
  • ThiHongLam Le Ho Chi Minh City of Technology and Education

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59247/jfsc.v2i1.162

Keywords:

Two-Wheeled Self-Balancing Robot, MIMO, Optimal Control, LQR Control, Under-Actuated System

Abstract

The two-wheeled self-balancing robot based on an inverted pendulum model is a nonlinear object with uncertain parameters that are difficult to control with 6 state variables. This is a multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) under-actuated system that is very complex and causes many challenges for the operator. This paper analyzed the mathematical equation of a two-wheeled self-balancing robot vehicle system. Then, the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) control is applied to the system through simulation on Matlab/Simulink and experiment. The results show that the LQR algorithm has been successfully applied in many moving cases.

References

P. Chevrel, L. Sicot and S. Siala, “Switched LQ controllers for DC motor speed and current control: a comparison with cascade control,” PESC Record. 27th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, vol. 1, pp. 906-912, 1996, https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1996.548689.

M. Ruderman, J. Krettek, F. Hoffmann, T. Bertram, “Optimal state space control of DC motor,” IFAC Proceedings Volumes, vol 41, no. 2, pp 5796–5801, 2008, https://doi.org/10.3182/20080706-5-KR-1001.00977.

Z. Xiang and W. Wei1, “Design of DC motor position tracking system based on LQR,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1887, no. 1, p. 012052, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1887/1/012052.

A. N. K. Nasir, M. A. Ahmad, R. R. Ismail, “The Control of a Highly Nonlinear Two-wheels Balancing Robot: A Comparative Assessment between LQR and PID-PID Control Schemes,” International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, vol. 4, no. 10, pp. 942-947, 2010, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1084448.

N. N. Son, H. P. H. Anh, “Adaptive Backstepping Self-balancing Control of a Two-wheel Electric Scooter,” International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, vol. 11, no. 10, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5772/59100.

M. Yue, W. Sun, P. Hu, “Sliding Mode Robust Control for Two-wheeled Mobile Robot with Lower Center of Gravity,” International Journal of Innovative Computing, Information and Control, vol. 7, no. 2, 2011, http://ijicic.org/09-0955-1.pdf.

S. Miasa, M. Al-Mjali, A. Al-Haj Ibrahim and T. A. Tutunji, “Fuzzy control of a two-wheel balancing robot using DSPIC,” 2010 7th International Multi- Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices, pp. 1-6, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2010.5585525.

A. Unluturk, O. Aydogdu and U. Guner, “Design and PID control of two wheeled autonomous balance robot,” 2013 International Conference on Electronics, Computer and Computation (ICECCO), pp. 260-264, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECCO.2013.6718278.

C. Qiu, Y. Huang, “The Design of Fuzzy Adaptive PID Controller of Two-Wheeled Self-Balancing Robot,” International Journal of Information and Electronics Engineering, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 193-197, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7763/IJIEE.2015.V5.529.

N. Yang, J. Tang, Y. B. Wong, Y. Li and L. Shi, “Linear Quadratic Control of Positive Systems: A Projection-Based Approach,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 2376-2382, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2022.3172237.

M. O. Asali, F. Hadary, B. W. Sanjaya, “Modeling, Simulation, and Optimal Control for Two-Wheeled Self-Balancing Robot,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, vol. 7, no. 4, p. 2008, 2017, http://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp2008-2017.

R. Petcu and G. -D. Andreescu, “Two-Wheeled Inverted-Pendulum Self-Balancing Robot with LQR or PID Control,” 2022 IEEE 10th Jubilee International Conference on Computational Cybernetics and Cyber-Medical Systems (ICCC), pp. 000345-000350, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCC202255925.2022.9922862.

D. O. Neacşu and A. Sîrbu, “Design of a LQR-Based Boost Converter Controller for Energy Savings,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 67, no. 7, pp. 5379-5388, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2019.2934062.

Feriyonika, A. Hidayat, “Balancing Control of Two-Wheeled Robot by using Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG),” Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering, vol. 12 no. 3, pp. 55-59, 2020, https://jtec.utem.edu.my/jtec/article/view/5619.

A. Amin, M. A. Fouz and A. Elsawaf, “LQR Stability Control of Scissor Pair Gyro-Stabilized Two Wheel Robot,” 2023 5th International Youth Conference on Radio Electronics, Electrical and Power Engineering (REEPE), pp. 1-7, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1109/REEPE57272.2023.10086769.

Downloads

Published

2024-03-01

How to Cite

[1]
Q.-T. Do, “Modeling and Optimal Control for Two-Wheeled Self-Balancing Robot”, J Fuzzy Syst Control, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 22–28, Mar. 2024.

Most read articles by the same author(s)